European advancements in warfare Essay

The Inter-war period between World War I and World War II was a time that governments relied on treaties and pacts to maintain peace rather than wage war. Some of these treaties and pacts did more to instigate war than to help deter it. Some examples of these are the Versailles Treaty, which basically all but dismantled the German military structure, another example is that of the Paris Peace Act of 1928, which was † a voluntary renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy†. Because treaties such as these, the reciprocal effect of any deviation caused tensions which eventually resulted in global conflict. What we will discuss in the following essay will cover weapon and doctrinal advancements, which were intended to return decisiveness, back to the business of waging war, with minimal losses of equipment and human life. During the inter-war period, militaries were primarily led by officers who were conservative in their approach to military structure and combat. One notable and very important aspect that became a topic of much debate during the period between WWI and WWII was that of armored and motorized warfare. Not only armored vehicles such as tanks but also motorized vehicles for logistical purposes as well. The conservative stance regarding these new weapons systems, which were introduced during WWI, was that they were to be utilized in a support role for the infantry and cavalry. This came at a time when most of the armies of the world were transitioning away from horse-drawn supply trains and tactical cavalry, due to the modernization of motorized military vehicles. Several leaders who opposed the conservatives on the role of armor and motorized warfare went on to become some of the most well known military writers ever. Two of these men were British General J.F.C. Fuller and British Captain B.H. Liddell Hart. Both of these British officers wrote and created doctrine that would be instrumental in the waging of armored warfare for not only WWII but also well into the twenty-first century. Instead of using tanks and tracked artillery for nothing more than infantry support they believed in, and created doctrine that placed an emphasis on fast moving offensive operations that would strike deep into the enemy’s territory, so fast as to render the enemies attempt to regain a structured  defense or counter attack futile. This ironically would be the template for the German blitzkrieg, which was implemented by Heinz Guderian after extensive research of Fuller and Liddell Hart’s doctrinal advancements. Although the British had well made tanks which could carry out this type of warfare, Guderian took this to another level with improvements to tank engines and armament and also the structuring of motorized divisions to carry out this new brand of warfare. It was believed by these men, that one tank could do what it would take a company of infantryman to do, and more! Advancements in the inter-war period were not only on ground fighting doctrine and weaponry, but also in the naval aspects as well. During the 1920’s, the Washington Naval Treaty imposed strict guidelines upon the navies of the U.S., Japan, France and Italy. These guidelines kept ships to certain regulations that limited the size of guns and of the countries entire navy itself. What this did basically caused atrophy in naval progression. In the 1930’s when Hitler’s Germany openly disavowed compliance with the Versailles Treaty and began the re-galvanizing of it’s army and navy, it caused the nations which would become Germany’s enemies to begin changing doctrine and methods in the conduct of naval operations. Also, the arrival of the aircraft carrier in almost every advanced navy created new threats with aircraft. The Japanese utilized aircraft carriers heavily in the war in the Pacific, as well did the United States. No two countries during WWII put so much emphasis on the carrier. What the carrier did was to allow aircraft to be launched from a ship far away into either enemy territory or enemy seas to attack either ships or targets on land without risking the loss of a naval ship. This was a naval doctrine created during the inter-war period. Air forces also went through extensive change during the inter-war period. First, the advancements of aircraft themselves in this period were perhaps the largest and most significant technological advancement of all. Airplanes had developed into short-range fighters, which could attack with speeds that were un-thought of in the era of bi-planes. Also, there was the advent of long range fighters to escort long-range bombers, which could hold large amounts of ordinance to drop on the enemy’s cities. Because of these  advancements, countries began racing to create the best aircraft that they could make. Each country would create superior aircraft in an effort to control the sky. The two countries that set the pace in this regard were Germany and Japan. Both enemies to Britain and the US, these two countries pushed the Allies to make formidable opposition and air defense systems. The period between WWI and WWII was a period of radical change to doctrine and weaponry. The creation of treaties and the League of Nations served as nothing more than a hopeful buffer to deter the waging of war. By creating these strict guidelines, the world did nothing more than antagonize one another to the point of global conflict. Advancements made during this period were a direct result of men who knew that peace could never truly be attained with peace.

Atrial Fibrillation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Atrial Fibrillation - Research Paper Example The purpose of the study â€Å"Refining Clinical Risk Stratification for Predicting Stroke and Thromboembolism in Atrial Fibrillation Using a Novel Risk Factor-Based Approach† is to refine the 2006 Birmingham/NICE stroke risk stratification schema into a risk factor-based approach, by reclassifying and/or incorporating additional new risk factors as relevantto thromboembolism (Lip, Nieuwlaat, Pisters& Lane, 2010, 264). Statistical Procedures The study involves analysis of the 2006 Birmingham classification thus, comparisons with other schema such as the Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation population were done as part of the analysis and statistical procedures. The study selected 1,084 patients without mitral stenosis, history of heart valve surgery, or use of vitamin K antagonists or heparin at discharge of qualifying visit. Other stroke risk stratification schemas used are the Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation (SPAF), American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/European Society of Cardiology (ACC/AHA/ESC) guidelines, and the eighth American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) guidelines. ... refinement of the 2006 Birmingham schema has took consideration of a risk factor-based approach taking account different potential factors for atrial fibrillation such as history of stroke, cardiac dysfunction, heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, vascular disease, female gender, and age. Descriptive analyses are used in the study with proportions, means, and standard deviations. Binomial approximation is used in the event rates, logistic regression in each schema, C-statistics for predicting probability of correct classification, and multivariable logistic regressions for the assessment of individual risk factors. Results of the statistical procedures are presented in tabular form. Analyses are derived from the tabular form presentation differentiating the univariate and multivariate analyses versus the designated level of significance (?). Then, patients or samples are categorized according to statistical results and are compared with other schemas. Strengths and Weaknesses The c ontent of the study offered an array of strengths which can be beneficial not only to the healthcare industry but to the public as well. One of its strength is the identification of other potential risk factors for the development of stroke and thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. In this way, the public will gain awareness on how to reduce their risks of the said diseases. In addition, the comparisons made in the existing schema in the real world of atrial fibrillation have made the study valid and applicable for present conditions and have made the study stronger in avoiding biases. The exploration of the effects of single and multiple factors using univariate and multivariate analyses also contributes to the avoidance of biases. Done statistically, results are

John Kerry's Political Portrait Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

John Kerry's Political Portrait - Essay Example In response to Rice’s remark that â€Å"The rise of the insurgency was an ‘unforeseen’ development in Iraq, Kerry said, â€Å"There was nothing "unforeseen" about the insurgent’s re-emergence. He added that â€Å"The U.S. military ‘encouraged’ them to vanish from the battlefield, promising to pay them if they did so, but we didn't pay them". This resulted in their becoming angry and organized. To understand the situation, he himself went on a tour to Iraq. This shows that Kerry firmly believes in studying and analyzing the situations first hand.Though Sen. John Kerry has been a known figure in national politics since 1971, it was during the Presidential elections campaign that we could see a multifaceted personality during all of the TV shows, debates, and election rallies. He started off as a lone ranger, in contrast to the huge hype created around President Bush, but gradually succeeded in picking up the pace solely on the basis of his unc anny ability to address the issues in right perspective. His grasp on foreign affairs has been the key to giving his popularity graph a big boost. Though George W. Bush appears to have an edge as far as mesmerizing the audience is concerned but John Kerry makes his mark amongst the intellectuals. As the campaign progressed, the general public too started taking notice of his able leadership and he was able to put up a tough fight in front of George Bush.In national politics, Massachusetts has remained overwhelmingly Democratic (Almanac, 2006). The state voted for John Kerry 62%-37% in 2004. George W. Bush could top 40% only in Plymouth County and Cape Cod, and the northeast Boston suburbs in Essex County. Politics in Massachusetts for years has been a kind of culture war between Yankee Republicans and Irish Democrats. With a population of 6,349,097 (Almanac, 206) and rural-urban composition of 8.6%-91.4%, the state today boasts of almost 100% employment figures. That’s indeed a feather in the cap of the officials representing the state. The prosperity of the people in the state is further evident by the rising income levels of the people with the majority of the job holders (i.e. 67%) being white collar, while 18.7% hold blue collar and 14.3% hold gray collar jobs.  

Home depot Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Home depot - Assignment Example Information technology affects the life of everyone in the society. The growth of technology support networks and these networks support the needs of people. There are many types of information technology used. Electronic business helps people conduct and communicate business transactions. It creates new opportunities, productivity, reduces cost and fast. For efficiency purposes, electronic business has its enablers. The interchange of electronic data enables a company’s computer to transfer information to another’s computer. This reduces paperwork, improves customer services, fast access of information and good tracing of order. Electronic commerce uses the internet, such as the website for communication and information, and transactions of delivering services and products. Internet is the most significant in the supply of information. It has a web which offers opportunities for members to share information. Intranets are networks based on web, which allows workers to intercommunicate. Extranets enable an organization to interact with external organizations. It uses systems of public telecommunication and internet protocols to work with external dealers, customers among others. Management of customer relationship collects and interprets data based on the customer in order to improve its services according to the needs of the customers. Resource planning of enterprise facilitates communication over the internet. The growth of information technology, the internet and computers, has come with new methods of processing activities in a business. Were it not for technology, people would take a lot of time and specialization in the routine tasks. Advance in technology creates a lot of business

Multi-Agency Working and Career Development in the Human Services Essay

Multi-Agency Working and Career Development in the Human Services - Essay Example Employees’ roles in organizations dealing with the above differ significantly. However, all that is required for employees is to assist individuals and communities faced with the above challenges function in the best way possible. In a human service organization that deals with the bettering of the lives of street children and orphans such as St. Michael’s orphanage, a social worker is expected to have the ability to evaluate the different challenges that face the patients in question. He should also show patience, understanding and, care when dealing with children since they all require specific attention since their backgrounds vary, and thus, is their problems. An employee in such an organization should have the ability to identify, analyze and select interventions that are appropriate in helping the organization attain its goals and also help the patients in finding a solution to their problems. This may include social assistance, guiding and counseling as well as encouragement. It requires an understanding of the organization values and goals, ethics of the human service and also the approval of the patients’ lifestyle (Renee, 2012, 4). The worker should be in a position to come up with an action plan, for an identified problem and also implement it. This, therefore, calls for the ability and knowledge to analyze problems, decisions and design work plans (Renee, 2012, p.4). The social worker should show high accountability and coordination abilities with other agencies and professionals in the delivering of services. Excellent communication and interpersonal skills is another quality that the social worker should not lack. The job calls for self discipline, timely management and self motivation to be able to carry out his/her role effectively and efficiently. Should also be ready to attend court hearings, thus knowledge on human rights and law is an added advantage (Renee, 2012, p.4). Nonetheless, the worker is

Critical reading reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical reading reflection - Essay Example benefits such as leave for maternal and paternal applications; child-related issues (tax exemption, according family allowances, provision of social welfare assistance); and child support when in custody of the state or through foster parents. From among the assessment measures that Krull discussed, the impact on policies to child and adult poverty was comprehensively presented, to include historical and comparative performance from the time policymakers passed a resolution that earmarked the need to eradicate child poverty by the year 2000 (Krull). An evaluation was likewise reviewed on the implications of policies implemented on child care where it was recommended that a closer look at Quebec’s family policy model which actively implements a universal child care program and addresses poverty of the family through taking into consideration facets of addressing unemployment. As such, it was proposed that Quebec’s family policy model should be emulated for more effective results. One strongly believes that the main points that were presented and discussed by the author have been duly supported and validated. The issues on family and child-related policies were effectively discussed using the most appropriate choice of benefits that were accessed. A discussion of the assessment measures was also validated as a means to measure the performance of these policies and the outcomes that ensued from the times relevant resolutions were enacted. The discussion on the effect of the resolution aiming to eradicate child poverty, for instance, was presented in a comprehensive and cohesive manner which were supported using statistics and the support from credible secondary sources. The overall discussion of main issues used reliable and credible support through narrative discourse, historical references, statistics, and provision of examples. The structure of overall presentation was clear and straightforward through the use of logical approach. A theoretical framework

Privacy and Employer Access to Employee Social Media Account Research Paper

Privacy and Employer Access to Employee Social Media Account - Research Paper Example The access of the employee personal account by the employer is wrong and should not be encouraged because it is a violation of personal right and privacy. Consequently, the challenge of using social media on and off the job has led to the challenge facing employees which led to the demand by some employers for the employees to give their passwords or usernames for their personal account (Poerio and Bain). However, according to Mark Zuckerberg, the approach is not correct because they say it is not the right thing to be done. The intrusion of the employers into the privacy of individuals is a true violation of personal right even though it is a threat to the organization. It is similar to the police checking one’s residence without a search warrant. Regardless of the different prepositions held by employers, privacy is key to the issue of personal safety and issues. One case reported is an employee was a friend of the employer. After a badmouthing by the employee, on one of the social media platform, the employer decided to fire the employee because he read the posts by the employee. Such incidence can become common if employers are allowed to access the personal accounts of the employees. In order to maintain respect between the two in a workplace, respect of privacy must be adhered to strictly. The employer should give guidelines to what constitutes a violation of the company policy and can lead to termination of contracts. In addition, the moral issues associated with the use of social media that may affect organization performance must be communicated to the employee (National Conference of State Legislators). The development of guidelines on what the employee is allowed to share in the social media platform will encourage the development of standards of operation in social media.