Book Report On Dostoevskys The Brothers Karamazov Essay -- Book Review

CHARACTERIZATIONThe main characters of Dostoevskys novel The Brothers Karamazov are, asthe title suggests, the members of the Karamazov "family," if it canister indeed becalled such. The only things that the members of this family share are a nameand the "Karamazov curse," a legacy of base impulses and voluptuous lust.References to this tendency towards immorality are sprinkled heavily throughoutthe novel phrases such as "a brazen brow and a Karamazov conscience,""voluptuary streak," and "Karamazovian baseness" abound.Fyodor Pavlovich Karamazov, the father of the brothers Karamazov, is theembodiment and the source of this immorality. In him Dostoevsky creates suchperversity and depravity that one can feel no positive emotions for the man.His sensible appearance--he is "flabby" with "small, suspicious eyes" and a"long, cavernous mouth with puffy lips, behind which could be glimpsed smallfragments of black teeth"--accura tely reflects his foul, disgusting character.He has no respect for himself he enjoys playing the part of the shameless"buffoon" for attention, even though the attention he receives is negative.Beca single-valued function he has no respect for himself, he can have no respect for others, either.He has no respect for women, for example he is a despicable "voluptuary," andhe satisfies his lust at any cost. He drives his wife to madness by bringing"women of ill-repute" into their house right in front of her. Even moreshockingly, he rapes a mentally retarded woman, who later dies giving birth tohis illegitimate son, Smerdyakov, who grows up as his fathers servant.Fyodor is even more blatantly disrespectful to his three legitimatechildren. After his wifes death, he abandons them, for they "would have beena hindrance to his debaucheries." He is never a true father to any of them.When his oldest son, Dmitry, becomes an adult, Fyodor is even so cruel as todeny Dmitry his inheritance and instead use the money to seduce Grushenka, withwhom his son is in love.It is Alyosha, the youngest brother, that is most successful in escapingthe curse of the Karamazovs. Miraculously, he is almost the complete oppositeof his father he is an soft "lover of mankind" whom everyone likes. Whent... ...ativity of theatmosphere.STYLEDostoevskys style is very realistic and straightforward. He almostnever uses flowery or poetic language or figures of oral communication his language is unsubdivided and spare, as if he tried to eliminate all that wasnt absolutelynecessary. Similarly, he is unpretentious in his choice of words. He generallystates things in the simplest terms possible. Contrastingly, however, hissentences are often fairly complex despite their complexity, though, they areeasy to understand and thus do not detract from his simplicity andstraightforwardness.Because the retain consists largely of dialogue, Dostoevsky changes hisstyle freque ntly, for each of his characters has a unique style of speaking thatcomplements his character. Dostoevsky writes Ivans dialogue, for example, in avery verbose, complex style that reinforces Ivans characterization as anintellectual. He writes Dmitrys dialogue in a very random, disjointed stylethat underscores Dmitrys tendency to allow his passion and his emotions tocloud his logic. Finally, he writes Alyoshas dialogue in a simple style verysimilar to his own, as Alyosha is himself simple and unpretentious.O

Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Macbeth - Fates Triumph Es

Fates Triumph in Macbeth Shakespeare a fatalist in Macbeth? It would seem so, given the observation that the Macbeths capitulated totally to the evil suggestions of the witches. We shall clarify the concept of circumstances in this drama. Blanche Coles states in Shakespeares Four Giants the place of Fate in Macbeths life Then, like a cog slipping naturally into its own notch, his thoughts turn to the Witches and their prophecy, and he concludes that he has defiled his mind for the descendants of Banquo he has murdered the gracious Duncan for them he has poisoned his own peace of mind and given his immortal soul (eternal jewel) to the devil, the public enemy of man - all this to make the descendants of Banquo kings Rather than face such an outcome, he challenges Fate to enter the lists with him against Banquo and champion him to the last extremity, even though that extremity be death itself. (57) Macbeth If Chance would have me king, why, Chance may crown me without my stir. A. C. Bradley in Shakespearean Tragedy references Fate in the play to the Witches prophecies The haggling of the witches are fatal to the hero only because there is in him something which leaps into light at the sound of them but they are at the same time the figure of forces which never cease to work in the world around him, and, on the instant of his surrender to them, entangle him inextricably in the web of Fate. (320) In Fools of metre Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy, Northrop Frye stresses the connection between the witches and fate The successful ruler is a combination of nature and fortune, de jure and de facto power. He steers his course by the tiller of an agile past and by... ...uin Books, 1991. Coles, Blanche. Shakespeares Four Giants. Rindge, NH Richard R. Smith Publisher, Inc., 1957. Coursen, H. R. Macbeth a Guide to the Play. Westport, CN Greenwood Press, 1997. Frye, Northrop. Fools of Time Studies in Shakespearean Tragedy. Toronto, Canada University of Toront o Press, 1967. Knights, L.C. Macbeth. Shakespeare The Tragedies. A Collectiion of Critical Essays. Alfred Harbage, ed. Englewwod Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1964. Mack, Maynard. Everybodys Shakespeare Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB University of nor-east Press, 1993. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Macbeth. http//chemicool.com/Shakespeare/macbeth/full.html, no lin. Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Toronto, Canada University of Toronto Press, 1957.

ItalianAmerican Traditions in film :: essays papers

ItalianAmerican Traditions in filmWork Ethic A Bronx tale is a story of a stimulate who tries to cajole back the love and pride of his son from a showy neighborhood mob boss. In my opinion this film is the best portrayal of work ethic. Lorenzo, contend by Robert DeNiro, plays a father who tries to teach his son that discipline and hard work pay off from working, in the long. His son Calogero, played by Lillo Brancato, is candid to the life of a mob boss cuss, played by Chazz Palmenteri,, and doesnt understand why he should live a life of difficulty when he can have a life of luxury. He tries to explain to his son that the men in the community dont look up to him, unless rather they fear him He also tries to make clear that its easy to do what he does, but try waking up either morning and working everyday, thats a real man. Throughout the film Sonny and Calogero develop a very close relationship. More than just a friendship, Calogero looks up to him as if he were a fat her figure. Sonny tells Calogero that he does not want him to do what he does, he does it because he has to he has no other way out. He wants Calogero to finish school and make something of himself, and not to succeed in his footsteps. Sonny feels like theres always person out there out to get him and never feels safe. He doesnt want Calogero to have to go through the same thing. In the film Sonny murdered another person because of the fact that he took he took his parking spot. This haunting feeling he has throughout the film finally comes true in the final scene of the movie as the son of the father that was murdered earlier comes back for vengeance and kills Sonny. This action of revenge is another stereotype of Italian-American men. As the film ends Calogero is in the prime of his life so we do not know how his life continues. The viewer, in this case me, thinks that because of this dreadful ending Calogero will follow the advice of Sonny and his father to complete school and life his life like every other hard working individual in America, because as his father mentioned earlier hard work pays off in the end.

The Love song of J. Alfred Prufrock - Imagery, Literary Allusion, Struc

The Love Song That was Never Sung A love song or a vocation of love usually includes a culminating point where the suitor finally professes his love toward the wo gentleman. However T.S. Eliots The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock is almost a guide on how to dissuade oneself from professing love to a woman. It does this by combining several different poetic methods to display a situation of desperation and trapped isolation. Basically, Alfred is scant(p) on the fact that he wants to be a part of this womans whom he loves- life, but he cannot bring himself to the complete the act, to say I love you. The poem itself consists of all of the reasons, going through Alfreds head, why he should not profess his love. Imagery, literary allusion, and structure are prominent tools utilize by Eliot to convey the mans feelings in the poem. Eliots criticism of the new man of his time is another strong theme in this poem. A demonstration of this is clear when Eliot present s Alfred as a forward-looking man, and then he criticizes modern mens being with Alfreds thoughts. The inability of taking action, or cowardice, is evidently the over arching theme in this presentation. One of the minor themes that play well into the all encompassing theme is Eliots interpretation of the modern man.The modern man, according to Eliot, is someone who lacks the ability to take a leap of trustingness or risk something no matter the importance. Prufrock is an extreme representation of the modern man and Eliot demonstrates this with these lines, There will be time, there will be time...To wonder, Do I dare? and Do I dare? (26, 38). Time and interrogative sentence create a barrier between Prufrocks heart and his actions which yields him from displaying his tr... ...role of the Fool found in line 118. Once again, Alfred has found even more excuses for not taking any action by relating how he believes he will fail because of his lack of great status. Therefore, he never did take that leap of faith that he earnestly wanted to. No one can ever have courage without fear because then courage would not require so much heart and strength to muster. Even though Alfred possessed a certain fear, he did not have enough heart to be audacious and take a step bigger than those measured in coffee spoons. Therefore, with the use of, imagery, literary allusion, and structure, Eliot was able to create a poem that criticized the modern man that affected his heart. Just think--why men said to themselves--that they finally had a noble and courageous cause to fight for when The Great War began only a few years after this poem was published.

HOW ARE TENSION AND SUSPENSE BUILT UP AND MAINTAINED IN AT LEAST TWO :: English Literature

HOW ARE TENSION AND SUSPENSE BUILT UP AND MAINTAINED IN AT to the lowest degree TWOGOTHIC HORROR STORIES?The original use of the term Gothic Horror was applied to a group ofnovels, including Mary Shelleys Frankenstein, written before 1914. These novels usually include some or all of the followingcharacteristics, which seem demonstrative of the original use of theterm Gothic An emphasis on portraying the terrifying, a common air pressure on archaic settings, a prominent use of the supernatural,the presence of highly stereotyped characters, barbarism as opposed toelegance, and the attempt to set up and consummate(a) techniques of literarysuspense. Bram Stokers Dracula would be another object lesson as thenovel includes most of the characteristics above. The setting would generally have a sense of eeriness and darkness andthither is usually a lack of an escape route. This can make a characterexperience a dramatic loss of self-control and overwhelming emotions. A sense of helplessness or vulnerability heightens the dramaticclimaxes of these stories. As well as vulnerable characters appearingin these stories there would also be a rational, scientificallythinking character. He, or she, would represent the newly literatemiddle class and would have lent credibility to the tale.The Monkeys Paw is an example of a pre 1914 Gothic Horror story. Itis about a man who receives a paw which can allow people to make awish that can also cause evil things to happen. Mr White wished for twohundred pounds, which he was given, but as compensation for thecoincidental death of his son. Mrs White came up with the idea to wishfor their son to come back. Mr White, knowing that his son would bemutilated after being buried for nine days, wished for everything tobe back to shape after they received a strange knock on their door inthe early hours of the morning.The Red Room is about a protagonist who visits Lorraine fort, ina deserted place, to see whether the stories of a haunted live weretrue. After a long walk through the castle he gets to the room. On hisway there he encounters ordinary objects which look menacing due tothe contrast of the moonlight. Once in the red room strange thingsstarted happening. What made the room feel haunted was fear.In the Victorian era, pre 1914, people were very rational. People inthe 19th Century had just come out of the Industrial Revolution, theywere much educated than before and by then they had became lesssuperstitious of the myths about earls, countesses or the timidwife, mockingly alluded to in The Red Room.

Tokugawa Japan :: essays research papers

Midterm Question1Tokugawa Ieyasu was a grand samurai wiz and cunning politician. In battle of Sekigahara Tokugawa defeated his major rivals and established Tokugawa governwork forcet. His headquarter was established in village of Edo away from the imperial families in Kyoto. Ieyasu and successors train to receive as shoguns, or feudal lords, demanding loyalty from the daimyo and exercising direct control only if over their own territorial domains. The people saw the emperor butterfly as divine descent of sun goddess Amatersau, however, established the emperor as the ultimate source of political authority and surrounded the imperial throne with thicket of taboos that saved it from usurpation.Tokugawa and his politicians created some policies to keep japan from rebelling and try to control over the society. They divided the feudal lords into three categories Fudai, Shimpan and Tozama daimyos.The fudai daimyo, descended from members of the original tokugawa vassal band or men wh o had been do daimyo by Ieyasu and his successors, identified most closely with the interests of bakufu. Their territories frequently abutted Tokugawa lands, protecting their flanks, and the bakufus highest officials were drawn from their ranks. The Tozama daimyo were descended from allies of Ieyasu too strong to be considered his direct vassals or from daimyo that submitted to his suzerainty only after battle of Sekigahara. Their domains were large, on average twice the size of the fudai daimyo, and usually located on the periphery of the archipelago. The shimpan daimyo was newly created by the family, their houses were branch houses counterbalance up to placate the sons of elderly shoguns who did not inherit the office and to provide collateral successors to the main line. In 1615, Tokugawa pass the law for military housing. Ieyasu created Sankin-Kotai or sky attention system. This required that each lord of daimyo to spend 6 months year spent in Edo. Policy kept daimyo lords on move and made them monetary unstable. Tokugawa fundamentally kept the lords in hostage while they were on move this kept them from plotting against him. His government established Kyoto deputy. No one could visit the Tokugawa without the deputys approval. union between imperial and emperor was to be approved by deputy too. There was class system that divided people into four categories samurai, farmers, artist and merchants. unaccompanied samurai were allowed to carry the swords. When high-ranking officials walked down the street all the peasants had kneel to give him respect.Tokugawa Japan essays research papers Midterm Question1Tokugawa Ieyasu was a great samurai fighter and cunning politician. In battle of Sekigahara Tokugawa defeated his major rivals and established Tokugawa government. His headquarter was established in village of Edo away from the imperial families in Kyoto. Ieyasu and successors choose to rule as shoguns, or feudal lords, demanding loyalty from the d aimyo and exercising direct control only over their own territorial domains. The people saw the emperor as divine descent of sun goddess Amatersau, however, established the emperor as the ultimate source of political authority and surrounded the imperial throne with thicket of taboos that protected it from usurpation.Tokugawa and his politicians created some policies to keep japan from rebelling and try to control over the society. They divided the feudal lords into three categories Fudai, Shimpan and Tozama daimyos.The fudai daimyo, descended from members of the original tokugawa vassal band or men who had been made daimyo by Ieyasu and his successors, identified most closely with the interests of bakufu. Their territories frequently abutted Tokugawa lands, protecting their flanks, and the bakufus highest officials were drawn from their ranks. The Tozama daimyo were descended from allies of Ieyasu too strong to be considered his direct vassals or from daimyo that submitted to his s uzerainty only after battle of Sekigahara. Their domains were large, on average twice the size of the fudai daimyo, and usually located on the periphery of the archipelago. The shimpan daimyo was newly created by the family, their houses were branch houses set up to placate the sons of elderly shoguns who did not inherit the office and to provide collateral successors to the main line. In 1615, Tokugawa pass the law for military housing. Ieyasu created Sankin-Kotai or alternate attendance system. This required that each lord of daimyo to spend 6 months year spent in Edo. Policy kept daimyo lords on move and made them financial unstable. Tokugawa basically kept the lords in hostage while they were on move this kept them from plotting against him. His government established Kyoto deputy. No one could visit the Tokugawa without the deputys approval. Marriage between imperial and emperor was to be approved by deputy too. There was class system that divided people into four categories sa murai, farmers, artist and merchants. Only samurai were allowed to carry the swords. When high-ranking officials walked down the street all the peasants had kneel to give him respect.

Tokugawa Japan :: essays research papers

Midterm Question1Tokugawa Ieyasu was a great samurai fighter and cunning politician. In battle of Sekigahara Tokugawa defeated his major rivals and constituted Tokugawa g overnment. His headquarter was constituted in village of Edo away from the imperial families in Kyoto. Ieyasu and successors choose to rule as shoguns, or feudal lords, demanding loyalty from the daimyo and exercising purport withstand only over their own territorial domains. The people saw the emperor as divine descent of sun goddess Amatersau, however, established the emperor as the supreme source of political authority and surrounded the imperial throne with thicket of taboos that protected it from usurpation.Tokugawa and his politicians created some policies to keep japan from rebelling and try to control over the society. They divided up the feudal lords into three categories Fudai, Shimpan and Tozama daimyos.The fudai daimyo, descended from members of the original tokugawa vassal band or men who had bee n made daimyo by Ieyasu and his successors, identified most closely with the interests of bakufu. Their territories frequently abutted Tokugawa lands, defend their flanks, and the bakufus highest officials were drawn from their ranks. The Tozama daimyo were descended from allies of Ieyasu too strong to be considered his direct vassals or from daimyo that submitted to his suzerainty only after battle of Sekigahara. Their domains were large, on average twice the sizing of the fudai daimyo, and normally located on the periphery of the archipelago. The shimpan daimyo was newly created by the family, their houses were branch houses set up to placate the sons of elderly shoguns who did not inherit the office and to picture indirect successors to the main line. In 1615, Tokugawa pass the law for military housing. Ieyasu created Sankin-Kotai or alternate attendance system. This required that each lord of daimyo to spend 6 months form fatigued in Edo. Policy kept daimyo lords on promp t and made them financial unstable. Tokugawa basically kept the lords in hostage while they were on move this kept them from plotting against him. His government established Kyoto deputy. No one could visit the Tokugawa without the deputys approval. Marriage between imperial and emperor was to be approved by deputy too. There was class system that divided people into four categories samurai, farmers, artist and merchants. Only samurai were allowed to carry the swords. When high-ranking officials walked down the street all the peasants had kneel to produce him respect.Tokugawa Japan essays research papers Midterm Question1Tokugawa Ieyasu was a great samurai fighter and cunning politician. In battle of Sekigahara Tokugawa defeated his major rivals and established Tokugawa government. His headquarter was established in village of Edo away from the imperial families in Kyoto. Ieyasu and successors choose to rule as shoguns, or feudal lords, demanding loyalty from the daimyo and ex ercising direct control only over their own territorial domains. The people saw the emperor as divine descent of sun goddess Amatersau, however, established the emperor as the ultimate source of political authority and surrounded the imperial throne with thicket of taboos that protected it from usurpation.Tokugawa and his politicians created some policies to keep japan from rebelling and try to control over the society. They divided the feudal lords into three categories Fudai, Shimpan and Tozama daimyos.The fudai daimyo, descended from members of the original tokugawa vassal band or men who had been made daimyo by Ieyasu and his successors, identified most closely with the interests of bakufu. Their territories frequently abutted Tokugawa lands, protecting their flanks, and the bakufus highest officials were drawn from their ranks. The Tozama daimyo were descended from allies of Ieyasu too strong to be considered his direct vassals or from daimyo that submitted to his suzerainty on ly after battle of Sekigahara. Their domains were large, on average twice the size of the fudai daimyo, and usually located on the periphery of the archipelago. The shimpan daimyo was newly created by the family, their houses were branch houses set up to placate the sons of elderly shoguns who did not inherit the office and to provide collateral successors to the main line. In 1615, Tokugawa pass the law for military housing. Ieyasu created Sankin-Kotai or alternate attendance system. This required that each lord of daimyo to spend 6 months year spent in Edo. Policy kept daimyo lords on move and made them financial unstable. Tokugawa basically kept the lords in hostage while they were on move this kept them from plotting against him. His government established Kyoto deputy. No one could visit the Tokugawa without the deputys approval. Marriage between imperial and emperor was to be approved by deputy too. There was class system that divided people into four categories samurai, farme rs, artist and merchants. Only samurai were allowed to carry the swords. When high-ranking officials walked down the street all the peasants had kneel to give him respect.

Nitric Acid

Nitric sultry is a highly reactive oxidizing agent used in making fertilizers, explosives, and rocket fuels, and in a replete(p) variety of industrial metallurgical processes. It is also a comp unrivalednt of pane of glass rain. Its chemical formula is HNO3 and it has been know as aqua fortis, which means strong water, to alchemists. It is a transparent, colorless to yellowish, fuming mordant liquid. Nitric acid is a strong acid and therefore it completely dissociates in water. It has a gravity of 1. 41 and the conpennyration of the hydronium ions(1) yields a pH of 0. . Its boiling point is 122C and its melting point is -42C. It was first mentioned by Pseuso-Geber, a European alchemist born in the 13th century. Described by Albert the bully in the 13th century and named by Ramon Lull, who disposed(p) it and called it eau forte (aqua fortis). There were hatful saying that it was discovered by Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac or Johann Rudolf, but nobody knows who rightfully did discove r that. As it is a intoxicating, oxidizing acid, it reacts around with metals, but does not react with tenuous gold.However, noble metals could be oxidized and dissolved by nitrous acid which hightail its to colour changes of gold-alloy surface. So azotic acid is used in jewelry shops to spot low-gold alloys ( 14 carats(2)) and to asses the gold purity. Nitric acid also reacts powerfully with most of the organic material, which may also explode. It reacts with non-metallic elements except for nitrogen, oxygen, noble gases, silicon and halogens. It oxides them to their highest oxidation states(3) as acids with the formation of nitrogen dioxide for concentrated acid and nitrous oxide for dilute acid.Chromium (Cr), beseech (Fe) and aluminium (Al) dissolve in dilute nitric acid, which the concentrated acid forms a metal oxide layer that protects the metal from further oxidation, and it is called passivation. Nitric acid thunder mug be made in laboratory or industrially. In labor atory, nitric acid plunder be made from bullshit(II) nitrate or by reacting close to equal masses of a nitrate salt with 96% sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and distilling this mixture at nitric acids boiling point of 83 C until merely a white crystalline mass, a metal sulfate, remains. Then, the red fuming itric acid obtained may be converted to the white nitric acid, which the equation is H2SO4 + NO? 3 HSO? 4(s) + HNO3(g). In view of the fact that it is a really violent and strong acid, people make this acid for many different uses. It can be used in various forms as the oxidizer in liquid-fueled rockets. The forms include red fuming nitric acid and white fuming nitric acid. Red fuming nitric acid, known as RFNA, is a oxidizer used as a rocket propellant, which can be stored precise long. It consists mainly of nitric acid, but also contains 13% of dinitrogen tetroxide(4) and 3% of water.It breaks down to a certain degree to form nitrogen dioxide. The white fuming nitric acid, known a s WFNA, does not contain free dinitrogen tetroxide. It consists of pure nitric acid with 2% of water and less than 0. 5% of dissolved nitrogen dioxide. If the forms are mixed with sulfuric acid, it forms with the HF inhibitor. Nitric acid can also be used in some woodwork. In a low concentration (10% of nitric acid in water), it is sometimes used to artificially make pines and maple look older. It produces a grey-gold, old looking wood colour on wood.By looking at the usage of nitric acid, we can see that, this assortment of acid has a great impact to the society and the global economy. As it is not quite expensive, and you can make it in laboratories, there were many incidents where people throw glasses containers holding nitric acid on crowed streets. Many people got hurt, the nitric acid burnt through their clothes and burn them. gruelling nitric acid makes human skin yellow, because of a reaction with keratin(5). The keratin is the key structural material making up the outer layer of the human skin, and it is also a structural component of hair and nails.It will turn orange when neutralized. However, this acid has many usages and also helps us a lot. It helps the astronauts to fly to spot where nitric acid is used in rocket fuels. It also helps us decorate our places with artificial old wood furniture. This acid creates more job opportunities in the job market as the companies need people to work for it. Nitric acid is super hazardous and corrosive, and mostly, a poison. Inhaling will cause you breathing problems and lead to pneumonia and pulmonary edema, which may be fatal.Other symptoms may include choking, coughing, irritation of both nose and throat, and also respiratory tract. Ingesting it can cause sudden burn or pain in the mouth, throat, esophagus, and gastrointestinal tract. It can also cause skin burns if there is any skin contact. Concentrated solutions can cause dense ulcers and stain skin a yellow or yellow-brown colour. If it gets into the eye, it is even worse, as it is corrosive, the vapors are irritating and will cause damage to the eye including burns and permanent eye damage.Long-term exposure to concentrated vapors may cause erosion of teeth and lung damage. Long-term exposures seldom occur due to the corrosive properties of the acid. People with pre-existing skin disorders, eye disease, or cardiopulmonary diseases must be susceptible to the effects of this substance. There are rules to follow when using the nitric acid. If people dont follow it, it will be very dangerous to use it. Acid rain is a form of precipitation which contains a high level of sulfuric and nitric acids.It has a pH of approximately 5. 5-5. 6. It is produced when sulfur dioxide and various nitrogen oxides combine together with atmospheric moisture. Acid rain can contaminate drinking water, damage the plants and aquatic life. It also erode buildings and monuments. If the plants are damaged, people wont be abled to see the green things on ce more and will also affect our eye-sight. And we wont have vegetables to eat after acid rain because acid may cause many slanderous effects to our body. If we still eat the vegetables, thus we be sick.The government had made an effort to reduce the amount of sulfur dioxide released, but it can be produced by nature by volcanic eruptions. Nitrogen oxide can be produced by lightning strikes. Acid rain had became a political issue in 1980s, where Canada claimed that pollutants from the US were contaminating the forests and waters, so power plants were asked to reduce the amount of sulfur dioxide released. Although there are harmful effects of nitric acid, people still keep on producing nitric acid. They only if reduced producing them, still shows that there are still benefits of this acidNitric AcidCopper + Nitric Acid Copper is a reddish-brown metal, astray used in plumbing and electrical wiring it is perhaps most familiar to people in the United States in the form of the penny . (Although since 1983, pennies are actually made of zinc surrounded by a paper-thin copper color foil to give them the traditional appearance of pennies. ) Copper is oxidized by concentrated nitric acid, HNO3, to produce Cu2+ ions the nitric acid is reduced to nitrogen dioxide, a poisonous brown gas with an irritating odor Cu(s) + 4HNO3(aq) Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO2(g) + 2H2O(l)When the copper is first oxidized, the solution is very concentrated, and the Cu2+ product is initially coordinated to nitrate ions from the nitric acid, giving the solution first a green, and then a greenish-brownish color. When the solution is diluted with water, water molecules give the sack the nitrate ions in the coordinate sites around the copper ions, causing the solution to change to a regretful color. In dilute nitric acid, the reaction produces nitric oxide, NO, instead 3Cu(s) + 8HNO3(aq) 3Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2NO(g) + 4H2O(l)In the following demonstration, a balled-up piece of thin copper wire is added to about 100 mL of concentrated nitric acid once the copper is added the evolution of nitrogen dioxide occurs quickly. Once all of the copper has reacted, the solution is diluted with distilled water, changing the solution from a dark brown to a pale blue color. This demonstration can be done with copper in the form of shot, pellets, thicker wire, or bars, but is a great deal slower than with copper wire. ikon Clip REAL, 7. 02 MB pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic pic A Historical Sidelight Ira Remsen on Copper and Nitric Acid Ira Remsen (1846-1927) founded the chemistry department at Johns Hopkins University, and founded one of the first centers for chemical research in the United States saccharin was discovered in his research lab in 1879. Like many chemists, he had a vivid learning experience, which led to a heightened interest in laboratory work While reading a textbook of chemistry I came upon the statement, nitric acid acts upon copper . I was getting tired of reading such absurd stuff and I was determined to see what this meant.Copper was more or less familiar to me, for copper cents were then in use. I had seen a bottle marked nitric acid on a table in the doctors office where I was then doing time. I did not know its peculiarities, but the spirit of adventure was upon me. Having nitric acid and copper, I had only to learn what the words act upon meant. The statement nitric acid acts upon copper would be something more than mere words. All was still. In the interest of knowledge I was even willing to sacrifice one of the fewer copper cents then in my possession.I put one of them on the table, opened the bottle marked nitric acid, poured some of the liquid on the copper and prepared to make an observation. But what was this wonderful thing which I beheld? The cent was already changed and it was no small change either. A green-blue liquid foamed and fumed over the cent and over the table. The air in the neighbo rhood of the performance became colored dark red. A great colored cloud arose. This was disagreeable and suffocating. How should I stop this? I tried to get rid of the objectionable mess by picking it up and throwing it out of the window.I learned another fact. Nitric acid not only acts upon copper, but it acts upon fingers. The pain led to another unpremeditated experiment. I drew my fingers across my trousers and another fact was discovered. Nitric acid acts upon trousers. Taking everything into consideration, that was the most splendid experiment and relatively probably the most costly experiment I have ever performed. . . . It was a revelation to me. It resulted in a desire on my part to learn more about that remarkable kind of action.Plainly, the only way to learn about it was to see its results, to experiment, to work in a laboratory. from F. H. Getman, The lifetime of Ira Remsen Journal of Chemical Education Easton, Pennsylvania, 1940 pp 9-10 quoted in Richard W. Ramette, E xocharmic Reactions in Bassam Z. Shakhashiri, Chemical Demonstrations A Handbook for Teachers of Chemistry, Volume 1. Madison The University of Wisconsin Press, 1983, p. xiv Hazards Nitric acid is extremely corrosive. Handle with care. The nitrogen dioxide produced in this reaction is poisonous. This reaction must be done in a fume hood

China’s Current Foreign Investment Environment Essay

Since the reform and opening up, chinas utilization of unconnected investment monetary resource is ontogenesis constantly. Along with the continuous improvement of the investment environment, the scale of foreign investment into chinawargon has been continuing expanding, which making china became the worlds second largest inflow of funds country. In the backdrop of mainland Chinas own economic teaching, in 2010, China became the second largest economy in the world, with a 5878. 6 billion dollars GDP at the same year.? intimate the country, foreign investments forming a large-scale foreign economy, and made important contribution to Chinas economy and pushed it into the international economic constitution. I would like to talking to about my own views about Chinas current foreign investment environment, and analyze its opportunities and challenges. The quality of investment environment is directly connect to the faculty to attract high-quality foreign capital investment. I nvestment environment affected by galore(postnominal) factors, and these factors work together, such(prenominal) as national macroeconomic policies, the basic anagement system of national government, the level of infrastructures and so on.First, Id like to analyze the advantage of Chinas current foreign investment environment, which directly related to the opportunity for China to attract foreign investment. Advantage Good economic environment A countrys economic environment determines the future guidance and development of the countrys economy, while China is in a good momentum of economic development stage. Chinas macro-control policies become to a greater extent and more mature after years of development, and have accumulated a lot of valuable experience.These policies have played a catalytic role for the countrys overall economic development. In order to develop an opening-up economy, in 2001, China became a member of the WTO, provided a good opportunity to make Chinas econom ic more opening to the outside world and provide better investment environment. By accepting new things and developing Chinas own economic growth model, the level of Chinas economic grows rapidly. China has a strong domestic purchasing power, which reflects Chinas coarse market size and market potential.According to the effective demand theory of Keynes, due to the economic crisis, there is a lack of effective demand in western countries. Effective demand makes up with consumer demand and investment demand. Diminishing marginal propensity to consume, diminishing marginal efficiency of capital and liquidity option is the three major social and psychological factors resulting in lack of consumption demand and investment demand, and then reduce the investment rate in unquestionable countries.? Thus, more foreign investors would turn to find a better place to invest, it is the opportunity of Chinas foreign investment environment.Advantage Stable policy-making environment Since China s reform and opening up, peoples living standards continue to improve, Chinas international status and international model also has been enhanced at the same time. China could maintain a stable developing social environment. This is the basic guarantee of the investment environment. For example, the reason wherefore Wal-Mart invested a large amount of money on shopping plaza, Sam shops, and community shops in China, is that Wal-Mart believed China has a stable political and social environment. A stable political and social environment is an important factor that can nsure the safety of foreign investments. Advantage Acceptable infrastructure China has the worlds largest infrastructure construction.After years of development, the level of Chinas infrastructure has been significantly improved. For example, the government invested a lot of money on the construction of transportation, electricity, water, and internal gas supply. The ability to provide materials and efficient transpor tation are favorable factors for attracting foreign investment. For example, Wal-Mart relies on its efficient logistics and distribution, and Wal-Mart decided to locate its distribution center in Tianjin.Tianjin is a coastal city, it not only reflects the natural advantage of Tianjin, but also reflects that in recent years, Tianjins tremendous achievements in constructing infrastructure. Advantage copious labor China has the largest population in the world, and also provides a lot of cheap labor resources. Companies could enjoy cost advantages beca consumption of the cheap labor cost, especially in labor-intensive industries. China also has a comparative advantage in labor-intensive industries. Wal-Mart has 50,000 employees in China.The company gives their employees necessary training to meet the needs of hi-tech industries and enjoys low cost of labor. Labor and capital are substitutes. In China, Wal-Marts development relies heavily on a lot of cheap labor. Imagine Wal-Mart has s uch a large number of employees in developed countries, the labor cost is much higher than in China, therefore, the actual profit must be affected. In this way, invest in China is a good choice for War-Mart. I have talked about the advantages of the foreign investment environment in China, and then I would like to talk about the disadvantages.Disadvantage The laws of the market economy system are not perfect China joined the WTO in 2001, which means that China can be on an equal footing with the developed countries. However, Chinas current economy is a market economy with Chinese characteristics, which has almost differences with the mature market economies in developed countries. Chinas market economy has been accepted for a short time, with little experience, many laws and regulations are unreasonable. Chinas legal basis, the legislative process, operational mechanism is still not completely turned to erve market economy.Some existing laws and regulations confront with the princi ples of market economy. In terms of implementation, many laws and regulations are not uniformed in the implementation process, which have caused lots of fusss for foreign investors. The imperfect legal system also affects employees rights. For example, Wal-Mart, Dell, Kodak and other foreign companies are refused to establish union in China. Actually, there are few laws to protect employees rights in China. These foreign companies are not afraid of these imperfect laws.Foreign companies like Wal-Mart, has a long operation storey in many countries around the world, has many experiences of how to deal with workers in many countries, the legal basis in China is still very weak. Disadvantage Low government efficiency Bureaucracy and corruption is a significant problem of the government. In the Chinese government system, the institutional settings are bloated, some departments functions are unclear, policies and regulations are not uniformed between the various departments. These probl ems are particularly serious in recent years, greatly limits the improvement of the foreign investment environment.Foreign investors lack of a complete understanding of the Chinese government, they depart event a lot of problems but do not know how to deal with it. Disadvantage The low efficiency of the financial sector According to a survey conducted by the World Bank, Chinas financial resources are concentrated on state-owned enterprises. For some companies with high potential, especially for some small and medium-sized mystical companies, they can not get strong financial support from the bank in a short time. Lack of support also leads these companies to the slow development or even the bankrupt. This is also a disadvantage to foreign investors.Foreign investors in China want to get the financial support have to face cumbersome procedures, mainly because of the financial institutions system is not perfect. At the same time, the interest rate is not determined by the market, w hich limits the flow of credit funds to the foreign companies, the private sector, and small enterprises. Disadvantage The investment environment and labor distribution has regional differences China has large land area, but because of the natural causes, history and other factors, the investment environment and labor distribution are various from region to region.In the southeast coastal areas, infrastructure, labor resources, and policies are attractive to foreign investors. In the central and western regions, due to the geographical conditions and the limitations of natural resources, economic development is relatively slow, the policy is not attractive to foreign investors. For example, Wal-Mart opened 191 stores in China are mostly located in the southeast coastal areas. As shown below Wal-Mart China mainland outlets maps Disadvantage Resources and environmental constraints China is a prominent country. However, the resources for every person rank very low around the world.Wit h the economic development, social development and the improvement of the consumption level, there are some limitations in the energy, land and other natural resources. Chinas economic growth mainly depends on high contaminant industries, and has not fundamental changed. Environmental pollution makes retail enterprises such as Wal-Mart faces a lot of problems in the procurement process. A lot of goods can not enter the mall because of the pollution. Chinas foreign investment environment and also be limited, therefore, the transformation of economic growth mode is the top item of Chinas current economic development. SummaryIn summary, the entry of foreign capital is an inevitable trend in China, which has made more demands on Chinas investment environment. How to use the opportunities and advantages of the Chinas investment environment are important issues need to be considered by the government. Only by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of Chinas investment environment, de veloping relevant policies and regulations, increasing the anti-corruption efforts and transforming the economic development mode, China could improve the foreign investment environment to the next level. In this way, China could receive a more important role in the world economy.

Lowe’s: a Structural Analysis Essay

Lowes was originally started in 1921 by Lucius S. Lowe in the town of North Wilkesboro, North Carolina and was called Lowes North Wilkesboro Hardw ar Store. The primary stochastic variable of Lowes had a different product mix that also included notions, dry goods, horse tack, snuff, produce, and groceries. This was when it was run by Lucius S. Lowe. The business was inherited by his daughter, Ruth, when Lucius died in 1940. She in turn sold the company to her brother James Lowe.In that same year that Jim bought the store him and Ruths husband Carl Buchan served in conception War II, during the war Ruth and her mother ran the store. After Carl was injured and honorably discharged in 1943 Jim took him on as a partner. Lowes was founded in 1946 Lowes has grown from a elegant hardware store to the second-largest home improvement retailer worldwide. This is when Carl Buchan took management over and the store started to focus primarily on hardware and building materials. Carl Buchan later bought-out his brother-in-law and partner, James Lowe, and foreseeing the post-World War II building boom.By eliminating wholesalers and dealing directly with manufacturers, Lowes established a lasting reputation for low-spirited prices. Sales began to grow over time and additional Lowes stores opened in neighboring towns throughout western North Carolina. In 1960, Carl Buchan died of a tone attack at age 44. His five-man executive team, which included Robert Strickland and Leonard Herring, took the company public in 1961. By 1962 Lowes operated 21 stores and reported annual revenues of $32 million. In 1979, Lowes began trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSELOW).During this time, U. S. housing starts soared and professional builders became Lowes loyal customers, accounting for the majority of Lowes business. In 1982, Lowes had its first billion-dollar sales year, earning a record profit of $25 million. Lowes stores then reported serving a newfangled type of customer d o-it-yourself homeowners seeking to improve the value of their properties. Anticipating their needs while still accommodating contractors, Lowes began to enlarge its stores and expanded its merchandise offerings.The modern Lowes began in 1994, when their new store expansion consisted of only large stores, which they defined as stores with greater than 85,000 square feet of selling space. Expansion continued as Lowes opened a new store on average every week with our 117,000-square-foot (117K) stores in the nations larger metro markets and our newer 94,000-square-foot (94K) stores in the nations small to mid-sized markets. Lowes opened its first stores in Canada in December 2007 and opened its first stores in Mexico in February 2010.Lowes stores stock 40,000 products in 15 product categories ranging from appliances to tools, to paint, lumber and nursery products. Lowes has hundreds of thousands of products available by Special Order offering everything customers need to build, mainta in, beautify and enjoy their homes. Lowes operates more(prenominal) than 1,745 stores in the coupled States, Canada and Mexico. Lowes announced on August 25, 2009, that it had entered a joint venture with the Australian retailer Woolworths to enter the Australian market with 150 big turning point style superstores.Trading under the brand Masters Home Improvement, the first store opened in Braybrook, Victoria, to tradesmen on August 31, 2011, and the general public on September 1, 2011. Today Lowes is the second largest home improvement retailer worldwide and the 7th largest retailer in the U. S. Although times have changed since Lowes first opened its doors in 1946, Lowes values have not the company remains committed to offering quality home improvement products at the utmost prices, while delivering superior customer service. Lowes major competitors include Home Depot and Ace Hardware.In a functional structure the company maintains a CEO with a small corporate staff along with managers in organizational areas such as production, accounting, marketing, R&D, engineering and human resources. Separating the organizational areas of a company allows for specialization in each functional area. However, this separation bath have a negative effect as it makes communication between these areas more difficult. This is the type of structure that Lowes uses today. Lowes shows cost leadership by their low price guarantee, where they will beat any competitors price by 10% on any in stock product.Lowes also uses a differentiation strategy to separate themselves from Home Depot by trying to assembling more to women, with the thought that women make most home design decisions. It is believed within the company that Lowes stores are cleaner and that their blue and red colors are more welcoming than Home Depots bold orange and black. They are also very customer focused by having expert employees who can give customers the knowledge needed to do projects themselves, shown by their lets build something together advertisements. This is what helps to keep Lowes on top and a ageless competitor.

Controlling employee health care cost Essay

1.) What do you think about Hagedorns approach to controlling employee wellness care cost? Do you agree with it? Why or wherefore not? Mr. Hagedorns approach to control employee health care cost is through providing a health facility course of study for their employees and withal creating rules concerning on health and m wiztary punishments to those who dont want to follow these rules. From the 20% of the companys net profits for the health care and health risk assessments, the purpose is to limit health care insurance costs. First, Mr. Hagedorn made a companywide wellness course of instruction which is bellyacheed the LiveTotal health program and hired a third party, Whole Health Management to run it. Next, he started encouraging his employees to take health-risk assessments and for those who dont take the health risk-assessments to pay $40 per month much in premiums. And for those employees who institute to be moderate to high risk through the assessments and will not co mply will pay an additional $67 per month on acquit of the $40. As we see it, Mr. Hagedorns approach is both intrusive and forceful. The employees brush offnot argue and are forced to comply with his requirements but his company has some rights since they are the one paying the bulk of amount for the premiums.Employees who surrender to his wellness program facility are forced to do monthly check ups and in addition quit smoking, imbibition and other bad health habits. His approach is also very sudden, he yet thought about it overnight and his type of approach exigencys a lot of typesetments especially for those employees who had already incorporated certain un water-loving habits into their life-style. His approach in controlling employee health care cost through making a wellness program facility and also letting his employees quit smoking and other bad health habits may also lead to certain losings in their organization in terms of the work/ labor force because there is a possibility that efficient and effective workers are going to be terminated because they cant cope with this type of approach or they cant change their habits and lifestyles and also because of the high monetary penalty if the employee cant abide with his rules/approach. However, our group agrees with his approach because his plan to lower health care cost through providing a wellness program facility is a win-win situation, not only can the company be subject to cut costs, but also making employees live a healthier life leads to a to a greater extent productive performance, improved mobility in doing their jobs and also a happier state.Being healthy means cuttinghealthier care spending in the hanker run. Employees could be more confident and competent in building and interacting with their customers and various stakeholders. His approach is also a motivation for the employees to be engaged in healthy living. Furthermore, they become loyal to the company, as they aspect that the company considers them as an important asset to operations, values and cares for them. Mr. Hagedorns approach may also attract clean competent and potential employees because of the benefits they will get because a good work environment and a healthy way of living await them in the company.Also, the program Mr. Hagedorn is offering ranges from offering information to employees fitness education and companys fitness centers. These modes of helping and assessing the employees health contribute appointed impacts on both, the company and its employees. After all, the welfare of the employee has a direct impact on the success of the company. 2.) What benefits and drawbacks are there to this type of wellness program? (a)employees (b)company (A.1) the benefits of this type of wellness program for employees areReduce Medical CostThrough their wellness program facilities, their employees would be able to live a healthier and happier lifestyle which in turn reduces medical expenses for the employees, thus, they can cut off their companys health care cost in the long run.Built sense of camaraderie with co-workersThey will have the chance of doing activities unrelated to the job such spending time together in assessments and physical workouts. Such activities would also encourage them for the realizable results of others. The relishing of being part of the team will be emphasized more in this type of program.Live healthy while they work.Employees tend to be healthy while doing the things they need to do at work. Its more kindredly, hitting two birds with one stone. Being healthy means being able to do a wide range of activities most especially it relates to work.More productivity (Happier)Being healthy is giving your body the strength and your mind the positive outlooks. Healthy employees tend to accomplish the jobs they were expectedefficiently and effectively and they can even engage themselves more in the organization activities though its not part of their jobs anymore. It can also lower their levels of stress and help them increase their self-esteem and confidence.Stays more loyal to the company that treasures themWellness programs make the employees feel that they are visible in the eyes of the employer and that they are cared. Also the employees can see that their needs and feelings are met. When they feel these, they are more likely perplex in the company because it gives them importance.Their life expectancy improvesA healthy employee has a lesser chance of getting sick and probable health problems but with censure to hereditary factors. When you eat healthy foods and do corresponding exercises, you are revitalizing your body and mind and you can also live longer. (A.2) the drawbacks of this type of wellness program towards employees areInvasion of personal space and Health privacySince health records are required to strengthen the wellness program facility, the persons appoint to these areas have to look through the records of t o each one employee and that may breach the health privacy of the employees. The employees baron feel unsecured because of the fear that their health privacy might be leak amongst others.Health DiscriminationA High possibility of health discrimination could occur since some health information might be leaked and that people now are not only concerned about their health but also about the health of others. So, some employees may feel more discriminated than being cared.Limited lifestyle freedomThere will be lots of activities that employees need to engage themselves. They will have certain limitations and constraints on what they would eat, what habits they would have to eliminate and the type of activities they have to neutralise with concern to their health.Having a Change in Lifestyle needs a lot of AdjustmentsEmployees really need to cope with the changes in the office. They need to adjust to having regular health check-ups, daily exercises and activities that are offered withi n the health program and also they need to adjust and test to change their bad health habits to continue working in their workplace. For Employees who refuse to join the program, their salaries would be change magnitude Because some employees would probably refuse in joining this program, they would be required to pay monetary penalty. The more these employees refuse to join the program, the more they would have to pay to stay in the company and also to avoid conflict within the company they are working. (B.1)The benefits for the company in this type of program areLower health insurance costBecause of the new wellness program facility, the cost of the expenses will lower d admit due to the healthy lifestyle of the employees which results to the reduction of healthcare insurance premiums.Raising reflection ratesAttracts more future talented and competent employees because of the program that they offer (Recruiting tools)Reducing AbsenteeismBecause of the healthy lifestyle of the employees, the factor of employees being absent due to might be lessened or eliminated. Reduction in turn-overIn Mr. Hagedorns approach, there is a possibility that employee turn-over would occur, either voluntary or involuntary. Some would quit because they couldnt adjust to the changes while others would simply be fired because of the same reason. Healthier employees make for a Stronger association and Productivity It is already a fact that one of the mention factors that affect employee production is their health. Meaning to take, that the healthier the employees the more possibility that their production would improve and that would benefit the company greatly. An improved production results in stronger association and more gained profits.Employees life expectancy improvesThere will be less injuries and illnesses in the workforce. Employee relations will improve, thus helping the organization achieve their goal. (B.2)The drawbacks for the company in this type of program areDea l withthe resistance of the employeesIt is inevitable that some employees would not agree right away for the said program. Each has his or her own opinion and for the company to create this type of program, they have to jackpot first with those employees who try to resist against this type of program. They have to find ways to change the minds of their employees or control their resistance.Initial cost for starting the Wellness ProgramWellness program facilities are very expensive nowadays you have to hire a team for that area, buy gym materials and etc This would be the risky part of creating this type of program, you have to spend a lot of money at first onwards you can achieve your goal which is to have healthier employees and cut the cost of health insurance premiums in the long run.Deal with other peoples backlashEveryone, especially people outside the company have their own opinions whether positive or negative about this wellness program. Some might say it is a breach to on es right to health privacy and the right one person in living in his own lifestyle while some would agree with this type of program because it would help both the employees and the company. The company has to deal with the negative opinions of the people as to not influence the news report of their company they may find ways for other people to see their goals in another light and to make people understand what their program is for.Without coarse employee participation investment may not pay off The biggest risk in this type of program is not only the expense but also the employees. If most of the employees tend to not participate in this type of program then the company would either fire these employees or remove the program.For Mr. Hagedorn, he rig another way for employees to participate which is through monetary punishment/exchange, meaning to say if you do not participate in the program then you would be forced to pay or quit your work.Deal with the changes in terms of food being offered in cafeterias The company must also adjust and deal with the changes in the workplace. Because of this type of workplace program, they would have to change the food being served in the cafeteria, their daily activities, howthey do things around now that there is also a wellness program provided and also their work schedule, when would they allocate the time for the program and what would they do.3.) Research company wellness programs. What types of things are companies doing to encourage employee wellness? Are there any things that you found that you might barrack that Hagedorn implement? Describe.Some type of things that companies are doing to encourage employee wellness are adding community bikes all around the workplace areas when you move from one building to another like what Google has done. Google had also made it easier for their employees to make healthier food decisions in the dozens of cafeterias and small cafes with a dim-witted color-coded label (green f or healthy, red for unhealthy) on all offerings. Google has even hacked its 48,584 employees eating habitssmaller plates encourage portion control, and putting the salad bar at the entrance and the dessert dole out in the far corner makes reaching for the greens a no-brainer. Another is to provide a Tobacco Quitline which gives individual counselling over the phone, and the Ask mayonnaise Clinic hotline is a 24/7 medical resource staffed by nurses ready to assess and give advice on health matters for the employees of Mayo Clinic. Companies like Blue hybridize and total Pacific offer smoking cessation especially breathe therapy to their employees to help them stop smoking.Discounts up to full payment at health clubs is also offered by both Del Monte Foods regional headquarters and H.J. Heinz Co. to encourage their employees to live healthier for free. Chesapeake Energy had also made a wellness program where each of its employees is required to smile bright through smiling bright y ou can brighten up the mood and also encourage more customers. WELCOA is also providing in-house facilities for their employees. For Union Pacific Railroads, they offer companywide wellness benefits like stop-smoking plans and health risk assessments and also they have regional walking contests. The wellness program in Pepsi Co. has several split they have health risk assessments, fitness and diet programs and helping people manage chronic illnesses like diabetes and heart disease. In the Philippines, Unilab provides six months lifestyle allowance program to improve their employees wellness.Also, the Maxicare and ABS-CBN partnership has created the Kapamilya Health and Wellness Fair 2014 whichaims to improve the health and lifestyles of their employees through Zumba dances and fun runs. TELUS International Philippines (TIP), a top call center and business process outsourcing services provider, created a wellness and healthy living program for its employees. They held a Healthy Liv ing Sports fest last June 18, 2011. The group recommend these wellness programs that Hagedorn also implement in assessing more of its subordinates health. Like the Union Pacific Railroads, they should offer a walking contest, health and wellness fair like what the Maxicare and ABS-CBN did. This would emphasize more of what the organization really wants in the employees health.This fun fairs would improve the health and lifestyles of their employees. They would also give the employees the change to be engaged in activities unrelated in their job. Like Pepsi Co.s diet program. Offering healthy yet gastronomic dishes encourages employees to eat and indulge themselves with such foods. Like what the TELUS International Philippines sports fest. These activities not only provide an opportunity for the employees to showcase their talent in sports but also help promote teamwork, camaraderie, and sportsmanship.Referenceshttps//www.americanexpress.com/us/small-business/openforum/articles/crazy -corporate-wellness-programs-that-work/ http//greatist.com/health/healthiest-companieshttp//showbizandstyle.inquirer.net/lifestyle/lifestyle/view/20081006-164932/Benefiting-from-office-wellness-programs https//www.maxicare.com.ph/4082/maxicare-and-abs-cbn-present-the-kapamilya-health-wellness-fair-2014-3/ http//greatist.com/health/healthiest-companieshttp//www.telusinternational.com.ph/?q=node%2F32